Transactions are cryptographically signed instructions from accounts.

An account will initiate a transaction to update the state of the blockchain network. Transactions always originate from an externally owned account (a smart contract can not initiate a transaction). Transactions, which change the state of the EVM, need to be broadcast to the whole network. Any node can broadcast a request for a transaction to be executed on the EVM; after this happens, a validator will execute the transaction and propagate the resulting state change to the rest of the network.

Learn more in the official Ethereum documentation here.

Several columns may only be applicable for specific EVM-compatible blockchains. The list of columns present in the table is not exhaustive.

​
Calculating Transaction Fees

For transactions on Base, the total transaction fee consists of two main components:

  1. L2 Fee:

    • Total L2 Fee = Base Fee + Priority Fee

      • Note: (receipt_effective_gas_price * receipt_gas_used) / 10^18 ETH combines both base fee and priority fee components

    • Base Fee: (block.base_fee_per_gas * receipt_gas_used) / 10^18 ETH

      • Requires join with blocks table on block_number: see example query.

    • Priority Fee: L2 fee - base fee: receipt_effective_gas_price - (block.base_fee_per_gas * receipt_gas_used) / 10^18 ETH

  2. L1 Fee:

    • Given directly by receipt_l1_fee / 10^18 ETH

    • This represents the cost of posting transaction data to Ethereum mainnet

The total transaction fee is the sum of all components: L2 Fee (Base Fee + Priority Fee) + L1 Fee

Example query to calculate all fee components.

​
Table Columns

Unique Key: hash

Column NameDescription
block_numberThe length of the chain, in blocks.
block_timestampThe time when the block that contains this transaction was included on the blockchain.
block_hashUnique identifier of the block that includes this transaction.
hashUnique identifier of a transaction.
nonceThe transaction nonce, unique to the wallet.
transaction_indexThe position of this transaction in the block that it belongs to. The first transaction has index 0.
from_addressThe address of the sending party of this transaction.
to_addressThe address of the receiving party of this transaction (could be a contract address).
valueThe amount of ether sent in this transaction, in wei.
gasThe maximum amount of gas allocated for this transaction in wei.
gas_priceCost per unit of gas specified by the transaction in wei. The higher the gas price, the higher chance of getting included in a block.
inputThe data send along with the transaction.
max_fee_per_gasThe maximum fee per gas that the transaction sender is willing to pay for this transaction (introduced in EIP1559).
max_priority_fee_per_gasThe maximum fee per gas the transaction sender is willing to give to validators (Proof of Stake) or miners (Proof of Work) to incentivize them to include their transaction (introduced in EIP1559).
receipt_cumulative_gas_usedThe total amount of gas used when this transaction was executed in the block.
receipt_gas_usedThe amount of gas consumed by this specific transaction. Used in fee calculations for L2 base fees: (block.base_fee_per_gas * receipt_gas_used) / 10^18. requires join with blocks table: see example query
receipt_l1_gas_usedThe amount of L1 gas used by this transaction.
receipt_l1_gas_priceThe L1 gas price for this transaction.
receipt_l1_feeThe L1 fee charged for this transaction in wei (divide by 10^18 for ETH). This represents the cost of posting transaction data to L1 and is added to L2 fees to get total transaction fees.
receipt_l1_fee_scalarThe scalar value used to calculate L1 fees.
receipt_effective_gas_priceThe actual price paid per unit of gas for this transaction. Used to calculate L2 fees as: (receipt_effective_gas_price * receipt_gas_used) / 10^18. This includes both the base fee and priority fee components. see example query
receipt_contract_addressThe contract address created, if the transaction was a contract creation, otherwise null.
receipt_rootTransaction stateroot (pre Byzantium)
receipt_statusSuccess status of the transaction. Either 1 (success) or 0 (failure).
log_countNumber of event logs emitted in the transaction.
transaction_typeThe integer of the transaction type, 0x0 for legacy transactions, 0x1 for access list types, 0x2 for dynamic fees.
source_hashHash of the source transaction.
chain_idThe ID of the blockchain network.
_created_atTimestamp of the entry creation.
_updated_atTimestamp of the entry update.
mintMinting information for the transaction.
receipt_l1_base_fee_scalarThe scalar value used to calculate L1 base fees.
receipt_l1_blob_base_feeThe L1 blob base fee for this transaction.
receipt_l1_blob_base_fee_scalarThe scalar value used to calculate L1 blob base fees.
access_listList of addresses and storage keys that the transaction plans to access.
y_parityThe parity of the y-coordinate of the ECDSA signature.