Transactions
Transactions are cryptographically signed instructions from accounts. An account will initiate a transaction to update the state of the Ethereum network. Transactions always originate from an externally owned account (a smart contract can not initiate a transaction).
Transactions, which change the state of the EVM, need to be broadcast to the whole network. Any node can broadcast a request for a transaction to be executed on the EVM; after this happens, a validator will execute the transaction and propagate the resulting state change to the rest of the network.
Learn more in the official Ethereum documentation here.
Sample Query
Querying the latest transactions.
Table Columns
The example used (Etherscan link) is a Uniswap swap between ETH and USDC.
Column Name | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
hash | Unique identifier of a transaction. | 0x9068357001dc45c59a0c0383860f25fd64daeef205f723c5cbd980f280baca38 |
nonce | 203 | |
transaction_index | The position of this transaction in the block that it belongs to. The first transaction has index 0. | 62 |
from_address | The address of the sending party of this transaction. | 0x7e63870ac9cb1491928e3c8922c19b2595331ac9 |
to_address | The address of the receiving party of this transaction (could be a contract address). | 0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c7bd8665fc45 |
value | The amount of ether sent in this transaction, in wei. | 3.42E+17 |
gas | The maximum amount of gas allocated for this transaction in wei. Also known as the gas limit. | 209,392 |
gas_price | The gas price provided by the sender in wei. Cost per unit of gas specified by the transaction in wei. The higher the gas price, the higher chance of getting included in a block. This can be different from the actual gas price of the transaction when it is executed. | 6,545,492,045 |
receipt_effective_gas_price | The sum of the base fee and tip paid per unit of gas. This is the actual gas price of the transaction of when it is executed. | 6,545,492,045 |
receipt_gas_used | Gas consumed by the transaction in wei. This is the actual amount of gas used. | 150,272 |
receipt_cumulative_gas_used | The total amount of gas used by the msg sender thus far when this transaction was executed in the block. | 6,091,409 |
input | The data send along with the transaction. | <truncated> 0x5ae401dc00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000632409bf0 |
receipt_contract_address | The contract address created, if the transaction was a contract creation, otherwise null. | |
receipt_root | Transaction stateroot (pre Byzantium) | |
receipt_status | Success status of the transaction. Either 1 (success) or 0 (failure). | 1 |
transaction_type | Integer of the transaction type, 0 for legacy transactions, 1 for access list types, 2 for dynamic fees. | 2 |
block_timestamp | The time when the block that contains this transaction was included on the blockchain. | 2022-09-16 04:59:59 |
block_number | The length of the chain, in blocks. | 15,543,975 |
block_hash | Unique identifier of the block that includes this transaction. | 0xe3eb6f24b34ab179646608ca100a3cd1d2fd1144f83544d029c0352429371b6d |
max_fee_per_gas | The sum of the base fee and tip paid per unit of gas. | 10,293,849,223 |
max_priority_fee_per_gas | 2,000,000,000 |
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