Transactions

Transactions are cryptographically signed instructions from accounts. An account will initiate a transaction to update the state of the Ethereum network. Transactions always originate from an externally owned account (a smart contract can not initiate a transaction).

Transactions, which change the state of the EVM, need to be broadcast to the whole network. Any node can broadcast a request for a transaction to be executed on the EVM; after this happens, a validator will execute the transaction and propagate the resulting state change to the rest of the network.

Learn more in the official Ethereum documentation here.

Sample Query

Querying the latest transactions.

select *
  from ethereum.raw.transactions
order by block_number desc 
limit 100

Table Columns

The example used (Etherscan link) is a Uniswap swap between ETH and USDC.

Column Name	Description	Example
hash	Unique identifier of a transaction.	0x9068357001dc45c59a0c0383860f25fd64daeef205f723c5cbd980f280baca38
nonce	The transaction nonce, unique to the wallet	203
transaction_index	The position of this transaction in the block that it belongs to. The first transaction has index 0.	62
from_address	The address of the sending party of this transaction.	0x7e63870ac9cb1491928e3c8922c19b2595331ac9
to_address	The address of the receiving party of this transaction (could be a contract address).	0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c7bd8665fc45
value	The amount of ether sent in this transaction, in wei.	3.42E+17
gas	The maximum amount of gas allocated for this transaction in wei. Also known as the gas limit.	209,392
gas_price	The gas price provided by the sender in wei. Cost per unit of gas specified by the transaction in wei. The higher the gas price, the higher chance of getting included in a block. This can be different from the actual gas price of the transaction when it is executed.	6,545,492,045
receipt_effective_gas_price	The sum of the base fee and tip paid per unit of gas. This is the actual gas price of the transaction of when it is executed.	6,545,492,045
receipt_gas_used	Gas consumed by the transaction in wei. This is the actual amount of gas used.	150,272
receipt_cumulative_gas_used	The total amount of gas used by the msg sender thus far when this transaction was executed in the block.	6,091,409
input	The data send along with the transaction.	<truncated> 0x5ae401dc00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000632409bf0
receipt_contract_address	The contract address created, if the transaction was a contract creation, otherwise null.
receipt_root	Transaction stateroot (pre Byzantium)
receipt_status	Success status of the transaction. Either 1 (success) or 0 (failure).	1
transaction_type	Integer of the transaction type, 0 for legacy transactions, 1 for access list types, 2 for dynamic fees.	2
block_timestamp	The time when the block that contains this transaction was included on the blockchain.	2022-09-16 04:59:59
block_number	The length of the chain, in blocks.	15,543,975
block_hash	Unique identifier of the block that includes this transaction.	0xe3eb6f24b34ab179646608ca100a3cd1d2fd1144f83544d029c0352429371b6d
max_fee_per_gas	The sum of the base fee and tip paid per unit of gas.	10,293,849,223
max_priority_fee_per_gas	The maximum fee per gas the transaction sender is willing to give to validators (Proof of Stake) or miners (Proof of Work) to incentivize them to include their transaction (introduced in EIP1559)	2,000,000,000

Column Name

Description

Example

hash

Unique identifier of a transaction.

0x9068357001dc45c59a0c0383860f25fd64daeef205f723c5cbd980f280baca38

nonce

The transaction nonce, unique to the wallet

203

transaction_index

The position of this transaction in the block that it belongs to. The first transaction has index 0.

from_address

The address of the sending party of this transaction.

0x7e63870ac9cb1491928e3c8922c19b2595331ac9

to_address

The address of the receiving party of this transaction (could be a contract address).

0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c7bd8665fc45

value

The amount of ether sent in this transaction, in wei.

3.42E+17

gas

The maximum amount of gas allocated for this transaction in wei. Also known as the gas limit.

209,392

gas_price

The gas price provided by the sender in wei. Cost per unit of gas specified by the transaction in wei. The higher the gas price, the higher chance of getting included in a block. This can be different from the actual gas price of the transaction when it is executed.

6,545,492,045

receipt_effective_gas_price

The sum of the base fee and tip paid per unit of gas. This is the actual gas price of the transaction of when it is executed.

6,545,492,045

receipt_gas_used

Gas consumed by the transaction in wei. This is the actual amount of gas used.

150,272

receipt_cumulative_gas_used

The total amount of gas used by the msg sender thus far when this transaction was executed in the block.

6,091,409

input

The data send along with the transaction.

<truncated> 0x5ae401dc00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000632409bf0

receipt_contract_address

The contract address created, if the transaction was a contract creation, otherwise null.

receipt_root

Transaction stateroot (pre Byzantium)

receipt_status

Success status of the transaction. Either 1 (success) or 0 (failure).

transaction_type

Integer of the transaction type, 0 for legacy transactions, 1 for access list types, 2 for dynamic fees.

block_timestamp

The time when the block that contains this transaction was included on the blockchain.

2022-09-16 04:59:59

block_number

The length of the chain, in blocks.

15,543,975

block_hash

Unique identifier of the block that includes this transaction.

0xe3eb6f24b34ab179646608ca100a3cd1d2fd1144f83544d029c0352429371b6d

max_fee_per_gas

The sum of the base fee and tip paid per unit of gas.

10,293,849,223

max_priority_fee_per_gas

The maximum fee per gas the transaction sender is willing to give to validators (Proof of Stake) or miners (Proof of Work) to incentivize them to include their transaction (introduced in EIP1559)

2,000,000,000

Last updated 2 days ago